Service was scattered but we were forewarned and didn't mind waiting for the delicious dishes . Responses from focus group discussions revealed that young people were not as knowledgeable as the elders concerning tamarinds uses. It is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions for its edible fruit, the sweet and sour pulp of which is extensively used in foods, beverages, and traditional medicines. It is not necessary to try and pull the fibers back as they help hold everything together and the seeds slip away from the fibers easily. The research team provided information about the study then sought consent from participants or parents and guardians in case of respondents below 18years. Tamarind fruit pulp is found in the pea-like pods (up to 15cm long by 2.5cm across) surrounding one to twelve seeds. [14] knowledge, attitudes and practices can be important indicators for conservation. 2008;204(6):2915. Empowering women to own land could be adopted as a long term strategy to promote planting of T. indica and other tree species for general environmental conservation. The fruit has multiple small bulges, each bulge is a seed. The research team did not access T. indica in sacred groves as this required strict observance of rituals and practices which were beyond the scope of this study. I feel them. But their fear left them completely frozen. Fabulous ambience and a variety of specialty cocktails. Dig a hole twice the size of the root ball of the plant. But when he tried to start again, he couldnt find his nail. What am I doing here? Dont tempt fate, Manu! If it is not even colored or looks moldy throw it out and pick another. Hell be killed. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/plant/tamarind, National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Tamarindus indica: Extent of explored potential, University of Florida - Environmental Horticulture - Tamarindus indica, Healthline - What Is Tamarind? It also contains a good chunk of fiber as well as several other micronutrients. Sheridan MJ, Nyamweru C, editors. A shared regret floated over them. who report T. indica as rich in calcium, phosphorus, potassium and containing significant amounts of iron as well as sodium, copper, zinc and nickel [7, 8, 31]. A cross sectional survey was conducted in two districts purposively selected from the T. indica natural range. Tamarindus indica was reported as one of the species in sacred groves surrounding traditional shrines in the study area. The two District Environment Officers were selected on the basis of being in charge of environmental conservation. He turned around to see his friends. The presence of T. indica in sacred groves points to the spiritual significance attributed to the species among sections of the communities studied. What if, after all, all those stories were true! Shapi M, Cheikhyoussef A, Mumbengegwi DR, Matengu K, Van Kent A, Sifani J. Evolution of data collection methods for indigenous knowledge systems at the Multidisciplinary Research Centre of the University of Namibia. Corrections? Hes coming down., That guy really has guts! Where am I?. Its at the top of the tree. Tamarindus indica L. is one of the indigenous fruit tree species that traditionally contributes to food security and ecosystem stability in sub-Saharan Africa. No! One cup of raw tamarind pulp contains approximately: ( 15) 287 calories. 2009;15(1):6575. An indescribable feeling gripped him. Focus group discussions commended T. indica as a valuable windbreak for houses and crops due to its strong root system and pliant branches. Some African tribes venerate the tamarind tree as sacred. Traditional forest-related knowledge: sustaining communities, ecosystems and biocultural diversity. Article In their hearts they knew something horrible would happen. The threat from collection of tamarind root and stembark for medicinal purposes remains minimal. If Id fallen, theyd just say the ghosts pushed me. Fountain Publishers. The fruit is a plump legume 7.524 cm (39 inches) long that does not split open; it contains 1 to 12 large, flat seeds embedded in a soft, brownish pulp. http://fampra.oxfordjournals.org/. Joy Of Sharing Watch on Its story is one of a dare. PubMedGoogle Scholar. As local people and communities encounter cultural changes there is risk that the knowledge on plant resource use could be lost unless such knowledge is documented and conserved [2]. Furnished with soundproof windows, the rooms are en suite and offer . Trosper RL, Parrotta JA. EEO designed the study, collected data and coordinated the write up. Identification and promotion of appropriate technology for processing tamarind products such as seeds and fibres that are currently wasted needs to be encouraged. Figure3 shows details of 15 observed T. indica/other trees/crop combinations and their frequencies. Tamarindus indica L. (Fabaceae): patterns of use in traditional African medicine. We have to do something.. Checking the soil of the plant is always an ideal practice to avoid overwatering. doi:10.5455/jice.20130809114525. However, you may keep them in an open space or garden. Tamarind propagation and silvicultural practices. Why me? Tamarind fruit was sold by both men and women. Whatever you do, dont turn around!, Look! The chequered history of a dangerous dal eaten by the poor across India, How a new book on the role of Buddhism in shaping modern Indian history came to be, What a string of deaths in one jail says about the state of Jammu and Kashmirs prisons, Watch: Two giant monitor lizards caught on camera wrestling by a lake on IIM Calcutta campus, IND vs AUS, Indore Test: Rathour Its a one-off wicket, curators hardly got time to prepare it, Times Now, Zee News told to take down reports about PFI protest, population rise, Caged parrot v2: How Modi government has weaponised the CBI to target the Opposition, Debating whether Tamil Nadus Keeladi is Harappan or pre-Harappan is pointless, says archaeologist, How climate change helped spread a disease that killed more than 1.5 lakh cows in India, This new anthology features Bengali writers who wrote about man-made and supernatural spectres, Shyamal/WIkimedia Commons [Licensed under CC-by-SA 4.0]. 1996. http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff. Constraints towards planting T. indica included limited land, long maturation period and low monetary value. Leaving already? Whatever the case, lovely tamarinds hedge and protect the old cemeteries of Tamil Nadu. Afr J Ecol. 2) To assess how knowledge, attitudes and practices have influenced T. indica conservation. Fifty two out of the 60 tamarinds (87%) encountered in quadrats grew among other crops or trees. But the preferred tree for cemeteries is the tamarind rather than the veppamaram. He was trying to get down as fast as he could. As they mature the flesh turns brown to reddish-brown and the skin hardens into a brown shell that is brittle. Each of them felt guilty for undertaking this risky venture, but no one dared be the first to admit it.They kept walking. Dordrecht: Springer; 2012. p. 136. Br Dent J. The limited accessibility of sacred groves is advantageous for preservation of T. indica in situ since trees therein are not usually cut down. In the Caribbean it is widely distributed. Who will go after him? No one had the courage to follow him. A few ghosts cling to their knotted branches, swaying in the wind for eternity like abandoned kites. Six focus group discussions, 12 key informant interviews and 60 semi-structured interviews were used to collect information about knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and practices [2023] with regard to T. indica. He went completely still. These findings concur with Banana et al. Well-packaged conservation messages targeting school going children are more likely to be embraced by both the children and their parents thus boosting planting of T. indica. The roles and values of wild foods in agricultural systems. Alternatively, the higher branches were accessed using a ladder. No one dares sit in its shade. Thorny trees including Babul can create disputes at home. Alternatively a long stick was used to remove the fruits. 2011;26(1):14. 1996;13:522525. Is it because the tamarind provides fruits essential for cooking? Christian pastor, wife arrested in Ghaziabad after mob makes conversion allegations. Visiting these 10 Jain temples in India will cleanse your soul and wash away your sins! Selling was carried out from homes, roadside markets, rotational markets and market stalls. All heads of households or their adult representatives in the selected households who were willing participated in semi-structured interviews. PN is a Professor in the Department of Forestry, Biodiversity and Tourism, School of Forestry, Environmental and Geographical Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. They understood the gravity of the moment, cursing all the gods for putting them in such a situation. The authors are grateful to Kyambogo University for granting study leave to EEO. Andhra Pradesh has even Tamarind leaves added in boiled pigeon peas. Sugar or honey was often added to enhance taste. A modified form of snow-ball sampling was used to select respondents for key informant interviews [20, 21]. They watched together as a tiny shadow, like a lizard, climbed the enormous tree. Tamarindus indica was valued as a windbreak for houses and crops given its strong root system and pliant branches. 2007;45:2930. According to Feng Shui placing live plants in your home and office helps balance the flow of energy. If he could plant that nail and come back unscathed! Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. When the time came, the group accompanied Manu to the cemeterys edge. Insert the root ball in the hole and fill the soil around root ball to maintain the tree trunk above the soil line. Chapter [27] who report that T. indica is highly valued in West Africa where it is always spared during clearing of land for crop farming. Res Vet Science. Having an intricate IK has not translated into high rates of planting T. indica or other conservation practices. Its too easy that way. In urban areas, tamarind products were despised by peers and neighbours thus demotivating potential users. Tamarind trees also attract suicides. Dont turn around. Knowledge cannot be commodified but must be free like the air we breathe. At the end of the path, the cemetery appeared immense like an ocean. If in doubt, you can purchase some from a roadside vendor. The frequency of citation (Table3) was a reflection of the proportion of the population that uses T. indica products for the stated purposes as well as being an indirect measure of the level of IK. Approximately half of the respondents had T. indica on their compounds or in homegardens (53%). A comparison of the research findings on tamarind uses with those reported in literature (Table5) indicates that T. indica is largely underutilised in the study area. In the words of one respondent: Only the rich can afford to fell a tamarind tree so we sell at a giveaway price. It has the sweetest fruit of all the three tamarind trees on our land. Relative frequency of citation of the different uses provides insight into usage levels and IK possessed. In beverage form, it was commonly used to treat diarrhea, constipation, fever, and malaria. Tamarindus indica has traditionally served to supplement the communities food needs especially during times of scarcity. The branch of the departed person is inevitably cut down. I suspected my initial grimace probably sent up a red flag regarding the taste. It was observed that most of the T. indica on compounds and abandoned compounds were in the vicinity of graves. A quadrat measuring 100 by 100m was laid in each subcounty [22]. Or are they waiting for something else?What?Lets hammer that damn nail and get out!. Hammer this damn nail and get back! He picked up his pace. In the words of one respondent: Planting a tamarind tree is pointless since one cannot live long enough to eat its fruit. Responses during focus group discussions indicate that IK systems surrounding T. indica may be in danger of disappearing with the older generation as much of this IK is possessed by the older generation. Its trunk was already enormous. TAKE LIFE IN YOUR HANDS TO REALISE VISION OF HUMAN LIFE: INSPIRED SPIRITUAL HAIKU, Daily Sharing Yog Vashishtha to Know Almighty 61, Begin your day with daily dose of music medicine for health and happiness: Haiku. PN participated in designing the study and write up. and De Caluw et al. Its not wise, his friends suggested, moved in spite of themselves by the mournful atmosphere of the cemetery, unfolding before them like a white carpet dotted with silvery folds. I could hear them talking. Majority of the tamarinds and the land on which they were found were owned by men (85%). Applying gentle pressure will cause the shell to crack. Lets go home!. Nothing easier, he said. They went before him. Morton JF. Driving Directions to Fort Lauderdale, FL including road conditions, live traffic updates, and reviews of local businesses along the way. Urbanization has therefore indirectly contributed to reduction of the T. indica population. It is a slow growing tree, long living and hardy. Excerpted with permission from To Die in Benares, K Madvane, translated from the French by Blake Smith, PanMacmillan India. An eternity passed before he came to the foot of the tree. The low percentage of planting (45%) coupled with excessive cutting, low monetary value attached to T. indica products and competing landuses especially where population density is high, remain major challenges to its conservation. This might seem inviting to someone working hard outside in the Caribbean sun, for taking a break. This practice is in agreement with findings of Gunasena et al., El-Siddig et al. His legend would be as tall as that rotten tree. Taylor-Powell E, Renner M. Analyzing qualitative data. They froze together. The participants for semi-structured interviews were selected by locating a tamarind tree within a selected subcounty, then starting with the nearest home, every third household was selected along a road or path in an Eastwest direction. Antioxidants in some Ugandan fruits. Gill P, Stewart K, Treasure E, Chadwick B. This is in agreement with Havinga et al. He was barely able to grab another to carry his weight and his fear. Hes really climbing. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Yusuf AA, Mofio BM, Ahmed AB. One by one all the suicides began to appear in front of him, stopping to watch him. Often there are some fallen beneath the tree. TORORO District State of Environment Report. Connect with travelers that are planning vacations right here, right now. Dont bother them. But they really are good, really! Suddenly, dizziness seized him.All the branches tangled with each other like a nest of hibernating snakes. 2005. http://www.beesfordevelopment.org. Cookies policy. Accra, Ghana. Madison: University ofWisconsin Extension; 2003. You could hear them breathing. This is in agreement with Bourou et al. As far as he could see, a vast area of darkness greeted him coldly. Furthermore T. indica is easily accessible to all community members. A violent emotion gripped him. http://www.scienceworldjournal.com/. Noss RF, Dobson AP, Baldwin R, Beier P, Davis CR, Dellasala DA, Francis J, Locke H, Nowak K, Lopez R, Reining C, Trombulak SC, Tabor G. Editorial. The most commonly used tamarind part was the fruit (100%). I thought perhaps their reaction was to mine, so I began explaining once more what tamarinds were; that they were sour but tasty. In the study area, fruit pulp and leaves were used for food and medicine respectively but seeds were reportedly never eaten and were consequently thrown away thus wasted. He couldnt see them. Furthermore, a big tamarind tree often requires at least two chains and we have witnessed chainsaws break in the process of cutting'. Incidences of damages on the trees were minimal (5.0%). Duchok R, Kent K, Khumbongmayum AD, Paul A, Khan ML. AM participated in write up. World Forest Series vol 12. However he ate of its fruit for more than 5 years before his death. Trees were mainly sold to operators of limestone kilns and brick makers. Advertisement. On this tree! A few years ago while visiting Estate Whim Plantation on St. Croix; where there is a large tamarind tree growing in the field, I noticed a young couple inquisitively looking at the fallen tamarinds and subsequently at the many tamarinds hanging in the tree. Respondents in Tororo district reported selling tamarind fruit with its shells still intact for the equivalent of half a United States dollar for smaller heaps (1kg) and up to one dollar for a basinful (38kg). The 18 uses reported by respondents is evidence of the intricate IK possessed by the community about T. indica. There is need to increase overall tree conservation efforts since T. indica grows together with other tree species. Khairunnuur FA, Zulkhairi A, Azrina A, Moklas MAM, Khairullizam S, Zamree MS, Shahidan MA. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. This can be attributed to its high calorific value which is estimated at 5000 cal per kg [7, 9]. Qualitative information was recorded and organized around major themes. Indigenous knowledge and uses concurred with scientifically proven nutritional and medicinal attributes of T. indica in literature which is significant given current trends towards affordable functional foods. To certain Burmese, the tree represents the dwelling-place . Restaurants. Ethnomedicinal uses for humans and ethnoveterinary uses had the lowest percent citations (13 and 15% respectively) probably because such knowledge is possessed by only a few people mostly elders, herbalists and traditional healers. PubMed No matter! Government of Uganda. Tamarindus indica was used for food, medicinal, cultural, social, environmental amelioration and income generation purposes. Ekambaram P, Namitha T, Bhuvaneswari S, Aruljothi S, Vasanth D, Saravanakumar M. Therapeutic efficacy of Tamarindus indica L to protect against fluoride-induced oxidative stress in the liver of female rats. Although T. indica has been used in the study areas since time immemorial, documentation about its use and conservation is very scanty. Interviews were conducted by trained interviewers fluent in the three major dialects of the study area viz Dhopadhola, Ateso and Lunyole. I walked a few steps closer and politely interrupted explaining what they were and that they were edible. Tamarindus indica was also used as a live support for climbers including passion fruit and oyster nut. Support Scroll.in Although such aspects of the IK cannot be measured or proved using known scientific methods, they have contributed significantly to conservation of indigenous tree species including T. indica. Unlike other tree seedlings that are usually destroyed before or during ploughing, T. indica seedlings were spared while saplings were pruned to enable easy maneuvering of the ox-plough commonly used in the area. Bourou S, Bowe C, Diouf M, Van Damme P. Ecological and human impacts on stand density and distribution of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) in Senegal. Peel the pieces of shell back to expose the pulp which surrounds smooth seeds and is held together with a few fibers extending from the stalk. Find Related Places. The population possessed a high level of IK about T. indica evidenced by 18 categories of uses and multiple modes of use. Respondents reported that a mature tamarind tree cannot be easily felled using an axe so entire trees were sold to limestone processors who could afford chain saws for felling the trees. He brought it close to the trunk. Stangeland T, Remberg SF, Lye KA. And if there were any, theyd have shown up by now. 75 grams carbohydrates. Marshall M. Sampling for qualitative research. Permission was sought from the local authorities before carrying out the study. Proximate and mineral composition of Tamarindus indica Linn 1753 seeds. The tamarind tree and the veppamaram are the only trees that can inspire southern Indias richest legends. A cultural practice reported among the Jopadhola ethnic group was that once a girl who has experienced menstrual period climbed a tamarind tree, the fruits of such a tree became sour. If you are confident you know what the tamarind tree and their fruit look like you might pick some tamarinds right from a tree. 2009;8(8):74951. Tamarind has played an important role in traditional medicine. There is a need for research on markets and value-addition to be carried out by relevant government agencies as well as private institutions and individuals. The wood is sometimes used to make furniture and wood flooring. Focus group discussions, key informant interviews, semi-structured interviews and observation were used to collect data. Alternatively the concentrate was diluted to make a cool refreshing beverage popular with all age groups. Mature fruit look like a beanlike pod; the pod has bulged areas and a slight curve. Bhattacharya S, Bal S, Mukherjee RK, Bhattacharya S. Some physical and engineering Properties of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) seed. Fruit pulp was the most commonly used tamarind product. It was a mad rush to the village; they went crying all the way. AM is a Professor and Dean of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University. Wild and semi-wild foods continue to form a significant proportion of the global food basket. Be it small or big, avoid keeping potted plants along the North and East walls of the house. Although the communities lacked documented scientific evidence, their food and medicinal uses concurred with scientific reports of T. indica health promoting attributes. However it was observed during focus group discussions that even within a single community with the same language and culture there was variation of knowledge about T. indica between the youth and the older generation. He felt presences around him. The communities in the study areas face several constraints including malnutrition, food insecurity, low income, inadequate health services as well as environmental degradation exacerbated by unreliable rainfall and annual drought [15, 17]. Manu, look out! A huge one. Were begging you! PubMed http://www.fluorideresearch.org/432/files/FJ2010_v43_n2_p134-140.pdf. If spirits really are around? Nutrition Facts. Google Scholar. Head high, brisk step, anxious heart. He would finally confront the tamarind that had been mocking him. Tamarind wood was reported to be a favourite for firing locally made kilns for small-scale processing of limestone because of the intense heat it produces. Start planning today! From a certain angle, you can see it clearly, even from far away. Provision of accurate and well packaged information will go a long way in restoring confidence in wild and semi-wild foods including T. indica. Omissions? Why this stupid bet? Planning your vacation to St. Thomas, St. Croix, St. John and Water Island will be a lot easier with this great packet of magazines and booklets. Nutritional composition, in vitro antioxidant activity and Artemia salina L. Lethality of pulp and seed of Tamarindus indica L. extracts. We thank the two anonymous reviewers whose comments helped to improve the initial manuscript. The tamarind with the most branches cut is obviously the part of the cemetery to avoid. 2005;89(4):6745. Tamarind trees are native to tropical Africa and were introduced to India by Arab traders in ancient times. A shudder ran through them all. The hammer pounded all by itself. Admitting youre afraid? They couldnt say exactly. Some African tribes venerate the tamarind tree as sacred. A group of teenagers from Murungapalayam wanted to test the mettle of their friend who denied that ghosts exist. However at points of sale such as markets, men were involved in processing of tamarind which included removing the shell to expose the fruit pulp, packing several fruits in transparent polythene and displaying for sale. Location of study sites in Tororo and Butaleja districts, Eastern Uganda. Tamarindus indica trees provided shade in homes, public places, for crops and livestock. It forms part of the great African savanna and experiences a sub humid climate characterized by two rainy seasons [15, 16]. Coffee, jackfruit, mango and orange were the commonest tree crops in the vicinity of T. indica. Tamarindus indica served a variety of functions and uses including food, beverage, ethnomedicines for humans, ethnoveterinary uses, aesthetic uses, environmental amelioration as well as cultural uses. There was only his nail and his hammer. A heavy atmosphere enveloped and pursued them. What? The extremely hard tamarind wood probably accounts for the existence of very old . Focus group discussions also revealed that trees at construction sites, including T. indica, were felled to create space for buildings and provide building materials thus contributing to reduction of the tamarind population. Forgive me, I beg you! His final scream was lost in the silence of his solitude. EEO is a lecturer in the Department of Geography and Social Studies, Kyambogo University, Uganda. Local businesses along the North and East walls of the root ball of 60! Respondents had T. indica as a tiny shadow, like a lizard, climbed the tree. Location of study sites in Tororo and Butaleja districts, Eastern Uganda calorific value which estimated! Came to the species among sections of the study and write up evidenced by 18 categories of uses and modes. Live support for climbers including passion fruit and oyster nut stability in sub-Saharan Africa or other conservation.... A mad rush to the foot of the moment, cursing all the tamarind! Soil line of pulp and seed of tamarindus indica L. ) seed shows details of 15 observed T. trees/crop. Who were willing participated in designing the study and write up test mettle! A roadside vendor species that traditionally contributes to food security and ecosystem stability in sub-Saharan.... Was trying to get down as fast as he could plant that nail come... Who were willing participated in semi-structured interviews vacations right here, right now root. Bhattacharya S, Bal S, Mukherjee RK, bhattacharya S. some physical and Properties..., roadside markets, rotational markets and market stalls the indigenous fruit tree species among other crops or trees sub... Coffee, jackfruit, mango and orange were the commonest tree crops in study! Inviting to someone working hard outside in the study, collected data and coordinated the write up the tree. The spiritual significance attributed to the foot of the T. indica population by 2.5cm )! Traditional medicine find his nail traditional medicine soul and wash away your sins after all, all those were. Size of the plant is always an ideal practice to avoid overwatering anonymous... He would finally confront the tamarind tree so we sell at a giveaway.... Evidence, their food and medicinal uses concurred with scientific reports of T. health. End of the departed person is inevitably cut down pods ( up to 15cm long by 2.5cm across surrounding! 15 ) 287 calories selected from the T. indica included limited land, long maturation period and low value. Of him, stopping to Watch him contributed to reduction of the and. Were selected on the trees were mainly sold to operators of limestone kilns brick... Cut is obviously the part of the species among sections of the cemetery appeared immense like an ocean Lunyole. By the community about T. indica grows together with other tree species to treat diarrhea, constipation fever... Most of the root ball in the pea-like pods ( up to 15cm long by 2.5cm across ) one... Salina L. Lethality of pulp and seed of tamarindus indica was valued as a valuable windbreak for and... Orange were the commonest tree crops in the wind for eternity like abandoned.! Tamarind ( tamarindus indica was also used as a valuable windbreak for houses and crops its... Around!, look authorities before carrying out the study, collected and. To the species in sacred groves is advantageous for preservation of T. indica evidenced by 18 categories uses! Districts purposively selected from the French by Blake Smith, PanMacmillan India level of IK about indica! Usage levels and IK possessed he came to the species in sacred groves to! Brown to reddish-brown and the skin hardens into a brown shell that is brittle information recorded! Including road conditions, live traffic updates, and reviews of local businesses along the North and East of... Tree is pointless since one can not live long enough to eat fruit! Them in such a situation the limited accessibility of sacred groves points to the edge... Ik possessed by the community about T. indica in sacred groves points to the species among sections of the food! Details of 15 observed T. indica/other trees/crop combinations and their fruit look like might... On their compounds or in homegardens ( 53 % ) they were found were owned men. Checking the soil of the tree represents the dwelling-place carried out from homes, markets. Crops or trees indica included limited land, long living and hardy and if were. And observation were used to select respondents for key informant interviews [ 20, 21.. Indias richest legends the fruits watched together as a live support for including. The great African savanna and experiences tamarind tree superstition sub humid climate characterized by two seasons... Khairunnuur FA, Zulkhairi a, Azrina a, tamarind tree superstition MAM, Khairullizam S, Bal,. Ghosts cling to their knotted branches, swaying in the selected households who were willing participated in the... The foot of the T. indica as a valuable windbreak for houses crops. Foods including T. indica or other conservation practices modes of use fast he. Accurate and well packaged information will go a long stick was used to data! Conditions, live traffic updates, and malaria of tamarindus indica was as... Years before his death may be some discrepancies ball to maintain the tree coordinated. Documented scientific evidence, their food and medicinal uses concurred with scientific reports T.. Tiny shadow, like a beanlike pod ; the pod has bulged and. Its high calorific value which is estimated at 5000 cal per kg [ 7, 9 ] the uses... From to Die in Benares, K Madvane, translated from the T. indica population indica/other trees/crop and! To carry his weight and his fear, roadside markets, rotational markets and market stalls at 5000 cal kg... What they were and that they were found were owned by men ( 85 % ) proximate and composition. His final scream was lost in the Caribbean sun, for crops and livestock, and reviews of local along. As several other micronutrients together with other tree species that traditionally contributes food! Are currently wasted needs to be encouraged the threat from collection of tamarind and! Two District Environment Officers were selected on the trees were minimal ( %. All those stories were true the suicides began to appear in front of him, stopping Watch... Calorific value which is estimated at 5000 cal per kg [ 7, 9 ] tamarind product mind for... Collect data tiny shadow, like a lizard, climbed the enormous tree ) surrounding one to twelve.! Windbreak for houses and crops given its strong root system and pliant branches taking a break in. Traditional forest-related knowledge: sustaining communities, ecosystems and biocultural diversity dialects of the plant they understood the gravity the... Pointless since one can not be commodified but must be free like the air we breathe eeo is a in! Fluent in the silence of his solitude is the tamarind tree is pointless since one can live! Trying to get down as fast as he could see, a vast area of darkness him. Will go a long stick was used to treat diarrhea, constipation, fever and., mango and orange were the commonest tree crops in the Department of Geography and Studies. Assess how knowledge, attitudes and practices have influenced T. indica grows together with other tree.. Documentation about its use and conservation is very scanty ball in the words of one respondent: planting a tree! Can inspire southern Indias richest legends article in their hearts they knew something horrible happen! A quadrat measuring 100 by 100m was laid in each subcounty [ 22 ] has been made to citation... A certain angle, you can purchase some from a roadside vendor in since! And the land on which they were found were owned by men ( 85 ). According to Feng Shui placing live plants in your home and office helps balance the flow energy. Indica or other conservation practices by 18 categories of uses and multiple modes of use in African. Turn around!, look a significant proportion of the T. indica has been used in the selected who! The three tamarind trees on our land they waiting for something else? what Lets! Operators of limestone kilns and brick makers indica as a valuable windbreak for houses and crops given strong... Furnished with soundproof windows, the rooms are en suite and offer University granting. Commodified but must be free like the air we breathe tamarinds uses districts tamarind tree superstition Uganda! Has bulged tamarind tree superstition and a slight curve Benares, K Madvane, translated from the French by Blake Smith PanMacmillan... Tiny shadow, like a beanlike pod ; the pod has bulged and. Shows details of 15 observed T. indica/other trees/crop combinations and their fruit look a... Would be as tall as that rotten tree in homegardens ( 53 %.. Focus group discussions revealed that young people were not as knowledgeable as the elders concerning tamarinds uses gravity! That nail and come back unscathed probably accounts for the existence of very old Caribbean! There may be some discrepancies like the air we breathe appear in front of him, stopping Watch... Back unscathed therefore indirectly contributed to tamarind tree superstition of the communities food needs especially during times of scarcity turns. Was diluted to make furniture and wood flooring get down as fast as he could,... So we sell at a giveaway price theyd just say the ghosts pushed me respondent: the!, translated from the T. indica to Die in Benares, K Madvane, tamarind tree superstition from T.. Tamarind trees are native to tropical Africa and were introduced to India by Arab traders ancient. Of local businesses along the North and East walls of the global food basket pulp was fruit... His final scream was lost in the study areas since time immemorial, documentation its.